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refuser: Conjugation

The refuser conjugation tables below show how to form the French verb refuser according to tense and person. To listen to the pronunciation of a given tense of refuser, click on the loudspeaker icon at the bottom of the table. See the notes on the conjugation of refuser at the end of this page.

Present	Perfect
je refuse tu refuses il/elle refuse nous refusons vous refusez ils/elles refusent Pronounce these verb forms	j' ai refusé tu as refusé il/elle a refusé nous avons refusé vous avez refusé ils/elles ont refusé Pronounce these verb forms
Imperfect	Pluperfect
je refusais tu refusais il/elle refusait nous refusions vous refusiez ils/elles refusaient Pronounce these verb forms	j' avais refusé tu avais refusé il/elle avait refusé nous avions refusé vous aviez refusé ils/elles avaient refusé Pronounce these verb forms
Future	Future-perfect
je refuserai tu refuseras il/elle refusera nous refuserons vous refuserez ils/elles refuseront Pronounce these verb forms	j' aurai refusé tu auras refusé il/elle aura refusé nous aurons refusé vous aurez refusé ils/elles auront refusé Pronounce these verb forms
Conditional	Conditional perfect
je refuserais tu refuserais il/elle refuserait nous refuserions vous refuseriez ils/elles refuseraient Pronounce these verb forms	j' aurais refusé tu aurais refusé il/elle aurait refusé nous aurions refusé vous auriez refusé ils/elles auraient refusé Pronounce these verb forms
Present subjunctive	Perfect subjunctive
je refuse tu refuses il/elle refuse nous refusions vous refusiez ils/elles refusent Pronounce these verb forms	j' aie refusé tu aies refusé il/elle ait refusé nous ayons refusé vous ayez refusé ils/elles aient refusé Pronounce these verb forms
Past historic	Past anterior
je refusai tu refusas il/elle refusa nous refusâmes vous refusâtes ils/elles refusèrent Pronounce these verb forms	j' eus refusé tu eus refusé il/elle eut refusé nous eûmes refusé vous eûtes refusé ils/elles eurent refusé Pronounce these verb forms

This verb follows the so-called regular -er verb pattern, the pattern followed by vast majority of verbs of the language, and by practically all new verbs entering the language.

The regular -er pattern has the following defining features:

• No characteristic consonant (contrast, for example, with verbs following the finir or dormir patterns, which have a characteristic -ss- and -m- in all forms but the present tense singular);
• No vowel change in the stem, other than where necessary to respect general patterns of French phonology (e.g. see préférer)²;
• Past participle in -é¹.

1. Outside the regular -er paradigm, only aller, être and naître have past participles ending in -é.
2. Many other verb patterns, except verbs of the finir type plus a few other patterns, have an irregular vowel change, e.g. boire > je bois vs nous buvons. See the grammar section on irregular verb patterns in French for a list of the different vowel changes.